Applying positive psychology in the study of extreme environments.

Positive psychology orientation for the selection of personnel for isolated, confined environments and extreme and unusual environments is presented. It is suggested that personnel for isolated environments be selected for their ability to live and work in such an environment. The traditional negative psychology orientation focuses on characteristics such as demanding work, long stretches of empty time, unusual circadian rhythms, problems with group and interpersonal relationships, narrowed cognitive focus, cross-cultural differences, flattened leadership hierarchy, excessive interpersonal intimacy, and interaction with off site management. A positive psychology orientation focuses on the natural grandeur of the environment, mystery, efficiency, coziness, comfort, novelty and familiarity, improvisation, free time, time out from daily hassles, and social group characteristics such as camaraderie, intimacy, inderdependence, superordinate goals, and belonging to an elite group.